Gottlob Frege

<p>Gottlob Frege was born on November 8, 1848, in Wismar, Germany. He studied mathematics, physics, and philosophy at the Universities of Jena and Göttingen, joining the Jena faculty in 1874.</p><p>In 1879, Frege published <em>Begriffsschrift</em> ('Concept-Script'), inventing modern formal logic with quantifiers and variables. He pioneered the philosophy of language with his landmark 1892 paper distinguishing 'Sense' (<em>Sinn</em>) and 'Reference' (<em>Bedeutung</em>). His formalization of logic underpins modern computer programming languages and analytic philosophy.</p>